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|name            = Regalian Pessimism
|name            = Regalian Pessimism
|eventname      = Regalian Pessimism
|eventname      = Regalian Pessimism
|datesandtimes  = 267 - 291 AC
|datesandtimes  = 260 - 291 AC
|location        = [[Regalian Archipelago]], Territories of the [[Regalian Empire]]
|location        = [[Corontium]], territories of the [[Regalian Empire]]
|peopleinvolved  = Regalian Empire
|peopleinvolved  = Regalian Empire
|}}
|}}
The Regalian Pessimism temporarily put a stop to Regalian expansionism as the government was forced to consider whether or not it was equipped to subjugate and rule new territories effectively. It began as lingering dismay in the face of economic decline, sentiments of unhappiness and uncertainty within the Regalian empire, which were exacerbated by the leadership of Chancellor [[Norn Kade]], have since been termed the Regalian Pessimism. For over a decade, the declining Regalian economy ground production to a slow, painful halt. It was eventually alleviated by the start of the [[Chrysant War]].
The Regalian Pessimism is an event in the Empire’s history that put a stop to [[Regalian]] expansionism for nearly three decades as the government was forced to consider whether or not it was equipped to subjugate and rule new territories effectively. It began with extreme economic issues, which while eventually stabilized, left sentiments of unhappiness and uncertainty within the [[Regalian Empire]], which were exacerbated by the emergence of the [[Regalian Senate]], a deeply unhelpful body. However, the invigoration prompted by the [[Chrysant War]] helped the Pessimism come to an end, and allowed the Regalian Empire to enter a time of prosperity once more.
 
==Background Information==
==Background Information==
During the decades leading up to the Pessimism, the Regalian economy experienced an unsustainable boom, brought on by a fervent conquest of [[Nordskag]], [[Lusits]] and multiple smaller [[Daendroc]] states under [[Justinian I]]. Citizens of the Empire lead comfortable lives and enjoyed boons such as low taxes, and loans that were easy to acquire, as well as other trappings of prosperity. Nobles experienced even greater gains. Lusuits imports were cheap (especially liquor) and its subjugated nobility funded the Empire with tithes and the spoils of the war, in lieu of taxes that domestic nobility usually paid. Many aristocrats found themselves flush with gold and bought up swaths of land for enormous estates. Lavish parties were thrown with no expense spared. The illustrious corruption of the era was embodied by Chancellor [[Morgann Kade]], a spectacularly hedonistic individual who lead the Empire during this time, and was a close, personal friend of Emperor Justinian I.
The period leading up to the Regalian Pessimism was a golden age for the Regalian Empire, in many areas. The efforts of [[Nicholas Kade]] and other people of state, alongside [[House Ivrae]] as the Imperial household in the century prior, had seen considerable new lands join the Regalian Empire, alongside new trading relationships with nations to likely join in the future. Meanwhile, the Unionist faith was victorious over the [[Fornoss]] [[Velheim]] of the north whose Skagger Horde had been driven away as the Skagger Wars came to an end, promoting an environment of positivity that was ruffled slightly by other Chancellors who followed Nicholas. Then, [[Morgan Kade]] came into the role of Arch Chancellor after his father stepped down from the position in 216 AC. Corrupt, hedonistic, and suspiciously surrounded by Ivrae Emperors who rarely lived longer than a few years if a few months, Morgan ruled the Empire for decades. Under his leadership, the Empire’s golden age truly shone, and vast amounts of wealth were spent on lavish celebrations across the Empire as nobles followed his example for a variety of reasons, and the Empire’s political domination of the [[Ailor]] world was absolute. But cracks already existed at this time, underdeveloped regions of the Empire, fringe territories or northern lands, remained bereft of investment and unrest grew. Morgan was also capricious, and anyone in his way or who gave offense to himself or his favorites were ruthlessly destroyed. His reign of terror came to an end thanks to [[List_of_Regalian_Emperors#Absolute_Emperor_Vilgemar_I_(255-269_AC)|Vilgemar I]], but that is also when the problems started.


==History==
==History==
===Beginning of the Pessimism===
===Beginning of the Pessimism===
The common wisdom “What goes up must come down” is often used to describe the Pessimism. As the economic boom from Regalia’s conquests faded, new logistical problems reared their heads. The State was left scrambling to govern the territories which it had been extorting. As this wealth dried up, the economy ground to a halt and floundered in stagnation. Spend decreased, and productivity stagnated, and even parts of the military which previously had ample funding were forced to dismiss their soldiers to the reserves.
Many had thought, and still think now due to the impact he left, that Morgan Kade was a vapid, do-nothing with little skill in the real affairs of statecraft. There is good reason to understand why this perception exists, but following his death, his true genius became known to the Emperor and those who sought to cleanse the government of Morgan’s corruption. The [[House Kade|Kade]] had been a master financier, balancing the books of the Empire with extreme skill, backed up by hundreds of Kade-loyal bureaucrats who facilitated his utter control. Emperor Vilgemar, however, dismissed all of them, and purged the government of other formerly Kade-loyal officials. While most were cronies, others also played a role in Morgan’s financial genius, though the Emperor did not care. For several years after, the Empire’s economy trembled as the shockwave of these events played out. The new Emperor focused on a different sort of revelry, and proclaiming the Empire free of those which had tried to affect insidious control over it. But, as no new Arch Chancellor was selected, and the mechanisms of Morgan were tested by new bureaucrats, it began to come crashing down.
The economy quickly returned to its pre-boom state and continued, worryingly, to decline. Nobles and commoners alike, anticipating disaster, frantically hoarded their earnings. This mood of worry and lethargy was amply reflected in [[Norn Kade]], who became Chancellor after the untimely demise of his father. The new Chancellor had experienced a slew of personal tragedies which greatly impaired his leadership abilities and fed his morose outlook. So, with a true pessimist at the helm, nobility began writing sordid proclamations of doom and gloom in theirlands, sparking unrest from the common folk and local barons.
===The Austerity of Aliandre===
260 AC marked the point that the financial markets of the Regalian Empire began to fluctuate. Within months, they began to decline, and within three years, Vilgemar I had to resort to calling upon a Kade for aid, which arrived in the form of Morgan’s eldest, natural-born daughter, [[List_of_Regalian_Arch_Chancellors#Aliandre_I_(263-269_AC)|Aliandre Kade]]. Appointed to the position of Arch Chancellor, Aliandre’s first challenge hit within days of her appointment. The price of silver crashed, a major issue due to its connections with the Empire’s currency known as the Crown, and Aliandre declared a period of austerity for the entire government. State parties were held in bare ballrooms, with the food selection for the nobility reflecting that of the commoners they ruled over. Even the Imperial household was affected, though the Emperor’s focus on freedom and liberty meant Aliandre could only get away with minor adjustments. While these measures did slow down the decline of finances, they did not go far enough, as blocs of noble power clung to their privileges, and acted as though the days of her father had not ended.
 
The greatest of these offenders was [[House van Sherburne]], one of the Five Families, whose dominance of central [[Corontium]] saw them acquire vast wealth, which they spent on themselves, defying Aliandre’s example. In the southwest, Ithanian nobles did much the same, and matters were not helped when in 268 AC, [[Old Ceardia]] was destroyed in a freak magical event. The [[Regalian Military|Imperial Navy]] sent almost every ship it could to help evacuate thousands to lands of the Regalian Empire, and these refugees were often impoverished, unable to add to the economies of the lands which were now often burdened with their presence, further draining the Empire. Despite the stress of the job, Aliandre managed to stabilize the Empire’s economy at a low, flat line, before dying in 269 AC. Vilgemar I died in the same year, and it was now up to the future generation to pull the Empire out of the pit.
 
===The Drachenwald Crisis===
===The Drachenwald Crisis===
Ineffectual leadership and pessimistic attitude among high nobility sparked the [[Drachenwald Crisis]], which is viewed by historians as a prime example of Pessimist destruction. Panicked by the sudden lack of funds which had previously been flowing in from trade with Nordskag, the Sherburne family of Drachenwald began taxing their peasantry for every conceivable action in order to keep the Lordship’s coffers full. Disgruntled barons and counts eventually formed an army in opposition to Sherburne leadership, which was met with brutality. Eventually, Sherburne sellswords captured and executed many members of the peerage, including Chancellor Norn Kade. Considered to be the most classic example of the destruction wrought by the Pessimism, the Drachenwald Crisis took over six months to resolve, only ending with Justinian II’s intervention, and threw the Empire further into debt.
Unfortunately, those who came after them did not get the chance. [[List_of_Regalian_Arch_Chancellors#Norn_I_(269-272_AC)|Norn Kade]] was Aliandre’s brother, and a pessimist, strongly convinced there was no saving the Empire. His mindset confirmed the name for the period the Empire found itself in, and many did not enjoy his appointment. However, this appointment had been made by the young [[Justinian II]], who desired someone as pliant as Norn to get what he wanted done. Many Chancellor-level matters were brought to the Emperor instead, and for several years, Justinian attempted to pull the Empire together, seeking to centralize the government to better work toward a response for the malaise which gripped the nation. The [[Drachenwald Crisis]] destroyed those plans. Norn Kade was killed in the disastrous attempt to support House van Sherburne, and to end the violence, Justinian II acquiesced to the formation of the Regalian Senate. The Empire was now centralized, but into an oligarchal body of over 300 Senators who would make all of the real decisions while the Emperor merely oversaw the proceedings. The Senate proved itself a failure within another decade, becoming notoriously corrupt and self-serving, and forcing [[Moriarty Kade]], replacement to his father, to work politics in the chamber to gradually improve the Empire’s position versus direct decrees which a generation earlier might have quickly solved issues or taken advantage of world affairs. The hands of the young Arch Chancellor and Emperor were tied, but with time, they adapted.
===Religious Tensions During the Pessimism===
===The Chrysant War and Recovery===
Infighting and unrest within the [[Unionist]] faith had begun to increase as the people searched for answers regarding the economic stagnation. Many began turning to the Tenth Creed, speculated to have been written by Justinian I toward the end of his life. The Creed, some thought, was a prediction of chaos and failure for the entire faith. Thus, small sects of Unionism began privately questioning the legitimacy of the divinity of Justinian I and therefore started to question the wisdom of his reign. Behind closed doors, he was accused of causing the Pessimism and railed against for appointing the morose Norn Kade as Chancellor. These first cracks in the façade of the religion seemed to herald disaster until the death of Justinian I, who was supplanted by his more capable and less controversial son, Justinian II. Justinian II made few, quiet changes to the faith. As Emperor he was far more focused on alleviating the impact of the Pessimism economically. With the start of the Chrysant War, this controversy faded to nothing.
The end to the Regalian Pessimism came at the hands of an unlikely group. The Iron Bulwark faction of the Regalian Senate consisted of staunch militarists and xenophobes who strongly advocated for war and conquest. It was their political position that conflict would jump-start the Empire, and restore glory to the faith and the Ailor Race. Broadly, few Senate blocs agreed with them, but in these grandiose plans Moriarty Kade and Justinian II saw a way to get rid of the Senate, and untie their hands. So, when the Bulwark called for war with the [[Essa Empire]], the Arch Chancellor and Emperor unexpectedly supported it, seeing it pass the Senate. Their support, however, assured prominent spots at the tables of planning, and as the Chrysant War got underway, they continued to exercise that influence. It was their urgings that brought the war to a pause after the initial months of success, which dragged into months of negotiations and proposals. As this carried on, the Senate was circumvented more and more to facilitate speed on the military front, while the requirements of the war actually did begin to resuscitate the Regalian Empire. Ultimately, when negotiations failed, the Regalian Empire descended on the remaining holdouts with great force and won the war. Within a matter of weeks after the war had ended, the Regalian Senate had been abolished, the Regalian Pessimism declared over, and a new decade of stability for the Regalian Empire dawned.
===Chrysant War and Recovery===
The Chrysant War helped usher in an age of recovery for the Empire. After Norn Kade’s execution, his son, [[Moriarty Kade]], assumed the mantle of Chancellor. Moriarty was a young man at the time he took power and due to this vulnerability, he developed a close, almost filial relationship with Justinian II, whom he worked with closely to reinvigorate the economy. Meanwhile, the Pessimism continued in the form of Senatorial turmoil and low civilian morale. As a result, the jingoist faction known as the [[Iron Bulwark]] seized control of the Senate and began calling for war. In order to pacify the Bulwark and achieve economic recovery, Moriarty and Justinian II devised a plan to declare war on the expansive, but relatively weak [[Essa Empire]]. The [[Chrysant War]], as it was called, reinvigorated the Regalian populace. As of 286 AC, economic activity began morphing into economic growth as the Empire mobilized for an overseas war. With a new enemy to unify against, the mounting tension within Unionist groups was put on hold. By the end of the war in 291 AC, most scholars concur that the Pessimism was over.


==Effects==
==Effects==
The stunting of economic growth during the Pessimism had few long-term effects as after the Chrysant War, the economy recovered and began growing at a more sustainable pace. If anything, the Pessimism serves as a cautionary tale about leaders who spend too much and save too little, as well as the dangers of stopping conquest for too long. Its greatest legacy was its resolution. The ending of the Pessimism with a war further cemented Regalia’s status as an Empire built on its military. It was military dominance that got the Empire into the Pessimism, and military dominance that got them out of it.
The Regalian Pessimism stifled the Regalian Empire for decades, restricting its activities across [[Aloria]], though many would now say the Empire almost needed such a humbling experience to allow its gradual reshaping. The actions of Morgan Kade left lasting faults and holes which, if he had passed away naturally, might have crippled the Empire without anyone to fill them. Instead, his surprise execution exposed those faults, and ultimately allowed the Empire to learn from them, and evolve better systems than relying on a single figure to pull the strings. The Pessimism did bring great suffering and pain across Corontium, however, with economic issues resulting in general unrest and criminal activity spikes in several regions. The ending of the Pessimism with the Chrysant War ultimately saw the dreams of the Iron Bulwark brought to fruition, with a new generation of military thinkers and military objectives to consider for the future, though the humbling of the [[Regalian_Eronidas_History#Recent_Conflicts|Ranger Crisis]] proved that the Regalians would need to find their footing again after being so long dormant from world affairs. The event is also key in the many names it made and unmade; Arch Chancellors, Emperors, and nobles of notable status existed throughout this period, and are all well remembered by many, for good or ill, even decades on from when they last lived.
 
==Trivia==
==Trivia==
*The Regalian Pessimism extended even to the fashion world. During that period, more muted colors were popular, especially among women.
*Moriarty Kade and Justianian II were as close as brothers, both of a similar age, and both coming to power at a similar point. Their joint leadership, the most successful and long-lasting of such partnerships, has shown many the ideal to strive for, but one rarely achieved since House Kade came to the throne, with no obvious or close Number Two to take their own position, resulting in wildly different results in the years since 302 AC.
*Most scholars agree that the Pessimism was caused mainly by the cyclical nature of the economy than any poor leadership but this mainly a deferral tactic away from blaming the Kade family and other nobility who definitely had a hand in starting the event.
*The connotation of Aliandre’s name with the term austerity might never be undone. In fact, an “Aliandesastreux” is an Ithanian synonym for a financial disaster (even though she was not responsible). The Wirtem have a similar, though far longer and complex synonym to a similar effect.
*The Iron Bulwark commonly blamed the [[Slizzar]] for starting the Pessimism, insisting they infiltrated the Regalian Government, and manipulated events to weaken the Regalian Empire. This ignores that prior to the Essa Empire, the Slizzar were not significantly centralized, and had many different goals.
{{History}}
{{History}}
{{Accreditation
{{Accreditation
|Writers = InDogsWeTrust
|Writers = HydraLana
|Processors = HydraLana, SupremeCripple
|Processors = WaterDruppel
}}
}}
[[category:History]] [[category:Recent History]]
[[category:History]] [[category:Post-Cataclysm History]]

Latest revision as of 19:40, 29 September 2024

Regalian Pessimism
Historical Event
Event NameRegalian Pessimism
Dates and Times260 - 291 AC
LocationCorontium, territories of the Regalian Empire
People InvolvedRegalian Empire

The Regalian Pessimism is an event in the Empire’s history that put a stop to Regalian expansionism for nearly three decades as the government was forced to consider whether or not it was equipped to subjugate and rule new territories effectively. It began with extreme economic issues, which while eventually stabilized, left sentiments of unhappiness and uncertainty within the Regalian Empire, which were exacerbated by the emergence of the Regalian Senate, a deeply unhelpful body. However, the invigoration prompted by the Chrysant War helped the Pessimism come to an end, and allowed the Regalian Empire to enter a time of prosperity once more.

Background Information

The period leading up to the Regalian Pessimism was a golden age for the Regalian Empire, in many areas. The efforts of Nicholas Kade and other people of state, alongside House Ivrae as the Imperial household in the century prior, had seen considerable new lands join the Regalian Empire, alongside new trading relationships with nations to likely join in the future. Meanwhile, the Unionist faith was victorious over the Fornoss Velheim of the north whose Skagger Horde had been driven away as the Skagger Wars came to an end, promoting an environment of positivity that was ruffled slightly by other Chancellors who followed Nicholas. Then, Morgan Kade came into the role of Arch Chancellor after his father stepped down from the position in 216 AC. Corrupt, hedonistic, and suspiciously surrounded by Ivrae Emperors who rarely lived longer than a few years if a few months, Morgan ruled the Empire for decades. Under his leadership, the Empire’s golden age truly shone, and vast amounts of wealth were spent on lavish celebrations across the Empire as nobles followed his example for a variety of reasons, and the Empire’s political domination of the Ailor world was absolute. But cracks already existed at this time, underdeveloped regions of the Empire, fringe territories or northern lands, remained bereft of investment and unrest grew. Morgan was also capricious, and anyone in his way or who gave offense to himself or his favorites were ruthlessly destroyed. His reign of terror came to an end thanks to Vilgemar I, but that is also when the problems started.

History

Beginning of the Pessimism

Many had thought, and still think now due to the impact he left, that Morgan Kade was a vapid, do-nothing with little skill in the real affairs of statecraft. There is good reason to understand why this perception exists, but following his death, his true genius became known to the Emperor and those who sought to cleanse the government of Morgan’s corruption. The Kade had been a master financier, balancing the books of the Empire with extreme skill, backed up by hundreds of Kade-loyal bureaucrats who facilitated his utter control. Emperor Vilgemar, however, dismissed all of them, and purged the government of other formerly Kade-loyal officials. While most were cronies, others also played a role in Morgan’s financial genius, though the Emperor did not care. For several years after, the Empire’s economy trembled as the shockwave of these events played out. The new Emperor focused on a different sort of revelry, and proclaiming the Empire free of those which had tried to affect insidious control over it. But, as no new Arch Chancellor was selected, and the mechanisms of Morgan were tested by new bureaucrats, it began to come crashing down.

The Austerity of Aliandre

260 AC marked the point that the financial markets of the Regalian Empire began to fluctuate. Within months, they began to decline, and within three years, Vilgemar I had to resort to calling upon a Kade for aid, which arrived in the form of Morgan’s eldest, natural-born daughter, Aliandre Kade. Appointed to the position of Arch Chancellor, Aliandre’s first challenge hit within days of her appointment. The price of silver crashed, a major issue due to its connections with the Empire’s currency known as the Crown, and Aliandre declared a period of austerity for the entire government. State parties were held in bare ballrooms, with the food selection for the nobility reflecting that of the commoners they ruled over. Even the Imperial household was affected, though the Emperor’s focus on freedom and liberty meant Aliandre could only get away with minor adjustments. While these measures did slow down the decline of finances, they did not go far enough, as blocs of noble power clung to their privileges, and acted as though the days of her father had not ended.

The greatest of these offenders was House van Sherburne, one of the Five Families, whose dominance of central Corontium saw them acquire vast wealth, which they spent on themselves, defying Aliandre’s example. In the southwest, Ithanian nobles did much the same, and matters were not helped when in 268 AC, Old Ceardia was destroyed in a freak magical event. The Imperial Navy sent almost every ship it could to help evacuate thousands to lands of the Regalian Empire, and these refugees were often impoverished, unable to add to the economies of the lands which were now often burdened with their presence, further draining the Empire. Despite the stress of the job, Aliandre managed to stabilize the Empire’s economy at a low, flat line, before dying in 269 AC. Vilgemar I died in the same year, and it was now up to the future generation to pull the Empire out of the pit.

The Drachenwald Crisis

Unfortunately, those who came after them did not get the chance. Norn Kade was Aliandre’s brother, and a pessimist, strongly convinced there was no saving the Empire. His mindset confirmed the name for the period the Empire found itself in, and many did not enjoy his appointment. However, this appointment had been made by the young Justinian II, who desired someone as pliant as Norn to get what he wanted done. Many Chancellor-level matters were brought to the Emperor instead, and for several years, Justinian attempted to pull the Empire together, seeking to centralize the government to better work toward a response for the malaise which gripped the nation. The Drachenwald Crisis destroyed those plans. Norn Kade was killed in the disastrous attempt to support House van Sherburne, and to end the violence, Justinian II acquiesced to the formation of the Regalian Senate. The Empire was now centralized, but into an oligarchal body of over 300 Senators who would make all of the real decisions while the Emperor merely oversaw the proceedings. The Senate proved itself a failure within another decade, becoming notoriously corrupt and self-serving, and forcing Moriarty Kade, replacement to his father, to work politics in the chamber to gradually improve the Empire’s position versus direct decrees which a generation earlier might have quickly solved issues or taken advantage of world affairs. The hands of the young Arch Chancellor and Emperor were tied, but with time, they adapted.

The Chrysant War and Recovery

The end to the Regalian Pessimism came at the hands of an unlikely group. The Iron Bulwark faction of the Regalian Senate consisted of staunch militarists and xenophobes who strongly advocated for war and conquest. It was their political position that conflict would jump-start the Empire, and restore glory to the faith and the Ailor Race. Broadly, few Senate blocs agreed with them, but in these grandiose plans Moriarty Kade and Justinian II saw a way to get rid of the Senate, and untie their hands. So, when the Bulwark called for war with the Essa Empire, the Arch Chancellor and Emperor unexpectedly supported it, seeing it pass the Senate. Their support, however, assured prominent spots at the tables of planning, and as the Chrysant War got underway, they continued to exercise that influence. It was their urgings that brought the war to a pause after the initial months of success, which dragged into months of negotiations and proposals. As this carried on, the Senate was circumvented more and more to facilitate speed on the military front, while the requirements of the war actually did begin to resuscitate the Regalian Empire. Ultimately, when negotiations failed, the Regalian Empire descended on the remaining holdouts with great force and won the war. Within a matter of weeks after the war had ended, the Regalian Senate had been abolished, the Regalian Pessimism declared over, and a new decade of stability for the Regalian Empire dawned.

Effects

The Regalian Pessimism stifled the Regalian Empire for decades, restricting its activities across Aloria, though many would now say the Empire almost needed such a humbling experience to allow its gradual reshaping. The actions of Morgan Kade left lasting faults and holes which, if he had passed away naturally, might have crippled the Empire without anyone to fill them. Instead, his surprise execution exposed those faults, and ultimately allowed the Empire to learn from them, and evolve better systems than relying on a single figure to pull the strings. The Pessimism did bring great suffering and pain across Corontium, however, with economic issues resulting in general unrest and criminal activity spikes in several regions. The ending of the Pessimism with the Chrysant War ultimately saw the dreams of the Iron Bulwark brought to fruition, with a new generation of military thinkers and military objectives to consider for the future, though the humbling of the Ranger Crisis proved that the Regalians would need to find their footing again after being so long dormant from world affairs. The event is also key in the many names it made and unmade; Arch Chancellors, Emperors, and nobles of notable status existed throughout this period, and are all well remembered by many, for good or ill, even decades on from when they last lived.

Trivia

  • Moriarty Kade and Justianian II were as close as brothers, both of a similar age, and both coming to power at a similar point. Their joint leadership, the most successful and long-lasting of such partnerships, has shown many the ideal to strive for, but one rarely achieved since House Kade came to the throne, with no obvious or close Number Two to take their own position, resulting in wildly different results in the years since 302 AC.
  • The connotation of Aliandre’s name with the term austerity might never be undone. In fact, an “Aliandesastreux” is an Ithanian synonym for a financial disaster (even though she was not responsible). The Wirtem have a similar, though far longer and complex synonym to a similar effect.
  • The Iron Bulwark commonly blamed the Slizzar for starting the Pessimism, insisting they infiltrated the Regalian Government, and manipulated events to weaken the Regalian Empire. This ignores that prior to the Essa Empire, the Slizzar were not significantly centralized, and had many different goals.

Accreditation
WritersHydraLana
ProcessorsWaterDruppel
Last EditorHydraLana on 09/29/2024.

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